Fungicide Resistance Action Committee
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Monitoring Methods

Introduction

To establish a baseline using bioassay procedures, a reliable technique must be developed. The technique must also be able to be used in subsequent monitoring operations investigating possible development of resistance. If and when resistance develops, the same method may be used to identify resistant isolates, but it is possible that more specific methods will have been developed at that time.

In a joint effort to create standardized methods, members of different FRAC Working Groups have reviewed and collected detailed, ready-to-use bioassay techniques to monitor fungal pathogens of economic importance.


The following requirements were considered while establishing these techniques:

  • The method must be robust, reliable and repeatable
  • It must be as simple as possible to operate in terms of technology and user skills
  • It should be as cheap to operate as possible and capable of a high throughput in a short time
  • The data obtained must be able to be related to sensitivity responses in the field

In a joint effort to create standardized methods, members of different FRAC Working Groups have reviewed and collected detailed, ready-to-use bioassay techniques to monitor fungal pathogens of economic importance.

List of approved methods

Here is the list of FRAC approved methods. The assays are sorted by pathogen and assay type. Pathogens are listed by their approved EPPO code:

 NameSizeType
ALTESO monitoring method Syngenta 2006 V1

78.65 KBPDF
BOTRCI apple test monitoring method BCS 2006 V1

57.01 KBPDF
BOTRCI microtiter monitoring method BASF 2009 V2

26.90 KBPDF
BOTRCI microtiter monitoring method BCS 2006 V1

28.63 KBPDF
BOTRCI monitoring method Syngenta 2006 V1

33.01 KBPDF
ERYSGT in vivo BASF 2006 V1

100.69 KBPDF
ERYSGH leaf segment monitoring method EpiL. 2006 V1

31.68 KBPDF
ERYSGT leaf segment monitoring method EpiL. 2006 V1

31.83 KBPDF
GIBBZE microtiter monitoring method BCS 2006 V1

29.06 KBPDF
MONGNI microtiter monitoring method BCS 2006 V1

29.39 KBPDF
MONISP germ tube elongation test BASF 2009 V1

27.09 KBPDF
MYCOF in vitro germ tube method Pathotec 2008 V1

37.36 KBPDF
MYCOFI in vitro germ tube method Monreri 2008 V1

23.13 KBPDF
MYCOFI in vitro germ tube method PBGEA 2008 V1

31.56 KBPDF
PHAKPA detached leaf monitoring method BCS 2006 V2

84.98 KBPDF
PHAKPA in vitro method Syngenta 2006 V1

52.90 KBPDF
PHYTIN in vivo method BASF 2006 V1

29.41 KBPDF
PHYTIN in vivo method Syngenta 2007 V1

32.65 KBPDF
PHYTIN microtiter method sporangia BASF 2006 V1

29.47 KBPDF
PHYTIN microtiter plate method DuPont 2006 V1

36.45 KBPDF
PHYTIN tissue culture plate method BASF 2006 V1

29.31 KBPDF
PLASVI microtiter

46.49 KBPDF
Prynte Monitoring Methods Update Feb 2009

26.30 KBPDF
PSDCHE microtiter monitoring method BASF 2009 V1

26.46 KBPDF
PSDCHE microtiter monitoring method BCS 2006 V1

34.23 KBPDF
PUCCRE leaf segment monitoring method EpiL. 2006 V1

32.00 KBPDF
PYRNTE monitoring method Syngenta 2006 V1

32.02 KBPDF
PYRNTR monitoring method Syngenta 2006 V1

32.36 KBPDF
RHYNSE monitoring method Syngenta 2006 V1

31.98 KBPDF
Sclesc Monitoring Methods Update Feb 2009

26.77 KBPDF
SCLESC tissue culture plate method BASF 2008 V1

26.77 KBPDF
SEPTTR microtiter monitoring method BASF 2009 V1

62.41 KBPDF
SEPTTR microtiter monitoring method BCS 2006 V1

28.94 KBPDF
SEPTTR monitoring method Syngenta 2006 V1

31.81 KBPDF
SEPTTR radial growth BCS 2006 V1

29.30 KBPDF
UNCINE leaf disc monitoring method EpiL. 2006 V1

32.26 KBPDF
VENTIN in vivo-AP BASF 2006 V1

29.22 KBPDF
VENTIN monitoring method Syngenta2006 V1

31.45 KBPDF
VENTIN spore germination BASF 2006 V1

28.37 KBPDF
PHYTIN Monitoring method OSBPI DuPont 2017

32.43 KBPDF
PLASVI Monitoring method OSBPI DuPont 2017

33.46 KBPDF
PLASHA Monitoring method DuPont 2017_LS_AVN

94.59 KBPDF
VENTIN pcr-rflp-monitoring-method BASF 2015

86.04 KBPDF
SEPTTR pyro-monitoring-method Bayer 2016

110.78 KBPDF
UNCINE q-pcr-monitoring-method Syngenta 2015

84.17 KBPDF
SEPTTR q-pcr-monitoring-method Syngenta-2015

84.24 KBPDF
PYRNTE-pyro-monitoring-method-BASF 2015

140.07 KBPDF
RHYNSE pyro-monitoring-method BASF 2015

95.37 KBPDF
MYCOFI-pyro-monitoring-method-Bayer-2016

111.32 KBPDF
PYRNTR pyro-monitoring-method-BASF 2015

154.40 KBPDF
PLASVI q-pcr-monitoring-method Syngenta 2015

84.35 KBPDF
VENTIN pyro-monitoring-method Bayer-2016

112.02 KBPDF
PYRNTE pyro-monitoring-method Syngenta

87.67 KBPDF
RHIZSO (rice) Monitoring method SBI Syngenta 2022

91.33 KBPDF
LEPTMA Monitoring method SBI Syngenta 2022

196.38 KBPDF
RHIZSO (rice) Monitoring method QoI Syngenta 2022

88.71 KBPDF
LEPTNO Monitoring method SBI and SDHI Syngenta 2022

199.87 KBPDF
USTINH (barley) Monitoring method SDHI Syngenta 2022

79.71 KBPDF
MONGNI (wheat) Monitoring method SBI and SDHI Syngenta 2022

184.32 KBPDF
RHIZSO (potato, cereal) Monitoring method QoI Syngenta 2022

196.12 KBPDF
USTINH (barley) Monitoring method SBI and SDHI Syngenta 2022

190.95 KBPDF
PYRNGR (barley) Monitoring method SBI and SDHI Syngenta 2022

201.23 KBPDF

Contact

Dr. Andreas Goertz
Chair

Bayer AG,
Crop Science Division

andreas.goertz@bayer.com

Dr. Courtney Gallup
FRAC Communication Officer

Corteva Agriscience
Crop Protection Discovery & Development
courtney.gallup@corteva.com

Dr. Dietrich Hermann
FRAC Engagement Officer

Consultant

Switzerland

 

dietrich.hermann@syngenta.com